Nizar Messari is an associate professor at Al-Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco, and a visiting professor at Yale’s MacMillan Center Council on Middle East Studies. His main area of expertise is International Relations Theory, whose perspectives he explores in the context of North Africa. His latest publications include “The EU and North Africa, or the Actorness of the Possible,” in EU Global Actorness in a World of Contested Leadership – Policies, Instruments and Perceptions, (London: Palgrave Macmillan, Forthcoming), a contribution to the forum: Did “America First” Construct America Irrelevant? International Studies Perspectives, 2021, and “Migration” in International Relations from the Global South: Worlds of Difference, (London: Routledge, 2020).