… in the 2015 presidential election, decided in late 2013 not to accept an IMF loan that would have come with … He had been a deputy from 1998 to 2007 and again from 2012 until he took office in June 2014, had served as the … a severe contraction of the economy in 2014-15. Whereas in 2012 Ukraine’s Gross Domestic Product barely increased, by …